Volume 13 · Issue 1 — 2025

There seem to be a pressing concern regarding organisational citizenship behaviouramong educational stakeholders in Oyo State, Nigeria as observed by theresearcher. It appears that there is a noticeable decline in the organisationalcitizenship behaviour of administrative staff within private universities in Oyo State,resulting in various detrimental outcomes such as diminished organisationalsupport, decreased job satisfaction, and reduced organisational effectiveness. Poororganisational justice, poor work motivation, a heavy workload may be the reasonfor the observed phenomena among other factors. Many studies have been carriedout to identify the causes of the aforementioned problem in other states, but itseems little attention has been paid by researchers in Oyo State. Thus, to fill thisgap, this study investigated the relationship between school welfare andorganisational citizenship behaviour among administrative staff in privateuniversities in Oyo State. Total enumeration sampling technique was utilised toarrive at a sample size of 675 administrative staff. Self-developed questionnaire (ASOCBQ) for administrative staff was used to collect data, and the reliability ofthe instrument was determined using cronbach’s alpha ? = 0.995. The studyemployed various descriptive statistics, such as frequency, percentage, mean, andstandard deviation, to address the research questions. Additionally, inferentialstatistics, specifically the Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), wasemployed to rigorously test the hypotheses. The study reveals a remarkably highlevel of organisational citizenship behaviour and school welfare measures with aweighted mean of 3.23 and 3.14 respectively. Findings from correlation analysisbetween school welfare measures and organisational citizenship behaviour indicatean exceptionally high correlation coefficient of 0.995**, suggesting a strong andconsistent linear relationship.Among recommendations, the study suggestsproviding specialised training or workshops to enhance courteous behaviour amongadministrative staff, especially considering a slightly lower level of courtesybehaviour involvement.

This study investigated and provided an understanding of effects of the COVID-19pandemic on the tourism and hospitality industry, in the United Kingdom. For thisresearch, explanatory research design was adopted. The survey followed thestandard measures comprising 250 structured questionnaires, divided into four (4)sections, namely demographic profile; COVID-19 behaviour; Tourists’ attitude andeffects of the COVID-19 pandemic. With tourism and hospitality operators ofnational importance selected through proportionate stratified sampling techniqueas the respondents, only 207 feedbacks were retrieved, while data from HMRevenue and Customs (HMRC) was equally be reviewed. Data were analysedthrough Man-Whitney (U), and Kruskal-Wallis (H) test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov andFactor analysis with Varimax rotation (reliability and convergent validity ofconstruct). Finally, Ordinal regression (PLUM) and Multinomial Logistic Model (MLR) were applied for assessing the influences of effects of the COVID-19pandemic on tourism and hospitality industry, in the United Kingdom. Findingsrevealed a high level (0.84%) of Covid-19’s effect on tourism and hospitalityoperators. More than 60% of respondents correctly answered majority of questions,but few cases namely time, value of money and less corporate tax, were majornegative (-0.45) effects of the pandemic on their operations. Except share for thetransport-markets, regulatory frameworks and corporate tax, level of effects of thepandemic were not varying statistically according to area of studies. It was alsofound that maximum selected indicators of effects of the pandemic were dependenton control variables except source of income, attended patronage and profit returns.Data further showed that transport and logistics were the worse-hit by thepandemic, wherein respondents recorded 100% losses; significant at ?=0.859 and?=0.897, respectively. It can be concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic had asignificant effect on the tourism and hospitality industry in the United Kingdom.Increased level of education and awareness are really necessary to forestall anyfuture outbreaks’ effect of such magnitude on the said industry.

This study investigates the Effect of Inductive and Deductive Teaching Strategies onSenior Secondary School Students’ Academic Achievement in Further Mathematicsin Oyo State.Three hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level ofsignificance. A pretest–posttest quasi–experimental design was applied. Multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted to purposively select threeSchools of Sciencefor the study from the three senatorial districts in Oyo state. A sample size of 108participants comprises 50 male students and 58 female students were involved inthe study. Differential and Integral Calculus Achievement Test (DICAT)(KR-20=0.84) was used as instrument for data collection. Analysis of Covariance(ANCOVA) was used for data analysis. There was a significant main effect ofDeductive Teaching Strategy on Senior Secondary School Students’ AcademicAchievement in Further Mathematics [F(1, 63)=11.321, P<0.05]. There was asignificant interaction effect of Inductive and Deductive Teaching Strategies onSenior Secondary School Students' Academic Achievement in Further Mathematics[F(2,104)=10.128, P<0.05]. From the results, it is concluded that the most effectiveand preferred teaching strategy is the Deductive Teaching Strategy. Base on thefindings, it is suggested that application of Deductive Teaching Strategy orCombined Inductive and Deductive Teaching Strategies should be considered toimprove students’ academic achievement in Further Mathematics.

Construction industry presents an attractive market for the use of non-biodegradable materials, because one of the principal components ofconstruction is concrete, due to its high compressive strength. Incorporatingwaste glass as coarse aggregate in structural concrete has the potential tonot only produce environmental benefits in the reduction of landfill, but toalso reduce costs for university building in Nigeria. This paper described theinfluence of coarse glass on the fresh, hardened properties of concrete andcompare to the control (0%) and the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)with Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Coarse aggregate (gavel) waspartial replacement with coarse glass aggregates at 5%, 10%, 15% and20%. Tests are conducted in compliance with British Standard (BS). Mixratio 1:2.5:3.5 (cement: fine aggregate: coarse aggregate) was used with0.50 water/cement ratio to produce grade 25 concrete at 28 days. Resultsshowed that slump decreases with increase in coarse glass. 10% partialreplacement has good compression of 31.18 N/mm2after 28 days and SEManalysis showed he portion of cracking and bonding effect which denoted theexistence of Calcium Silicate Hydrates (C-S-H gel) and Calcium Hydroxide(CH). Therefore, glasscrete showed potential for becoming an additionalsustainable solution for waste recycling.

This study investigated the relationship between motivational indices andjob commitment among administrative staff in private universities in OyoState. Despite efforts of educational stakeholders, there seem to be agrowing concern and dissatisfaction with the level of job commitmentamong administrative staff members in private universities, particularlyin Oyo State. Various studies have addressed the causes of such issues inother states, but there was a noticeable lack of empirical researchfocused on private universities in Oyo State, creating a gap in theliterature that this study sought to address. Two research questionswere raisedwhile one hypothesis was formulated. The study adopted adescriptive survey research design, targeting all administrative staff inprivate universities in Oyo State, using a total enumeration samplingtechnique. Data were collected through a self-developed questionnaire(MIASJCQ) and the reliability of the instrument was determined usingcronbach’s alpha ? = 0.892. The data wasanalysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that the level of jobcommitment of administrative staff in private universities in OyoStatewas high (x? =3.13); the level of motivational indices in privateuniversities in Oyo Statewas moderate (x? =2.81); correlation analysisbetween motivational indices and job commitment indicated anexceptionally high correlation coefficient of .974** indicating averystrong positive correlation. Based on these findings, it wasrecommended among others that private universities should implementregular professional development and training programmes. Theseprogrammes could focus on skills enhancement, career advancement,and fostering a sense of community within the workplace.

Science education is essential for equipping students with the skills and knowledgerequired to thrive in a technology-driven society. However, the learning of science subjects by students often faces numerous challenges. One critical factor thatinfluences students' academic success in science is the role of teachers. Teachersplay an important role in shaping students' attitudes, engagement, and overallacademic achievement. Factors such as teacher personality, teaching methodology,communication skills, and motivational strategies can significantly affect students'learning outcomes in science. This study investigated the extent to which teacher-related factors; personality, teaching methodology, communication skills, andmotivational strategies enhance learning of science subjects in Senior SecondarySchools within the Ibadan South East Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria.Using a descriptive research design, 200 science students were randomly selectedfrom 10 schools to participate in the study. Data were collected through structuredquestionnaire titled “Teachers’ Related Factors and Learning of ScienceQuestionnaire (TRFLSQ) of reliability coefficient index of 0.88 and analyzed usingdescriptive statistics. The findings revealed that all four teacher-related factorsmoderately enhance learning of science among the students and play a role inimproving student outcomes, though to varying extents. The results highlight theimportance of teacher-student interactions in science education, while suggestingthe need for continuous teacher development in Science education.

This study investigated the effects of edutainment method of learning on SecondarySchool Biology Students retention. A pre-test, post-test and delay-post test quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study. Of the 2,345 senior secondaryschool students class two (2) from 28 senior secondary schools within Kontagorametropolis, 80 students were purposively selected from three (3) schools to formthe sample for the study. They were: (1 mixed day, 1 male boarding, 1 femaleboarding). Each school was exposed to the same curriculum content. A standardizedBiology Students Retention Test (BSRT) with a reliability index of .78 obtained viasplit-half test was administered to all school categories. Data were analyzed usingmean and t-test statistics at a significant level of 0.05. The findings revealed amongothers that: the edutainment group had a higher mean delay-post-test performancethan other groups notwithstanding being a day school system. It was discovered thatedutainment promoted retention in Biology students and that schooling system isnot a barrier for edutainment learning in biology. Recommendations made included: biology teachers should make adequate use of edutainment to promote retention of learning in students as this will cause a decline in examination malpractices inthe subject, school administrators and heads should put in place facilities that supports edutainment utilization by biology teachers.

Teachers’inability to incorporate variety of instructional schemes has been reportedin studies as major factors for the disappointing performance of students inMathematics or science. This paper examined the development and usage of CodiceVideo Games (CVG) to teach and enhancestudents cognitive learning processes inMathematics. The prospect of CVG to support learning and several researchers’efforts to assist learnersto overcome challenges related to mathematics wereexplored. A quasi-experimental-control group design was adopted. Four purposivelyselected senior secondary schools from the population with intact classes consistingof 50 SS II students were assigned to experimental and 60 others to control groupsrespectively in Irepodun local government area of Kwara State. The developmentand efficacy of a CVG on probability was conducted. A CVG rating scale whosereliability coefficient was determined through Kendall’s concordance that yielded0.76 index was used for data collection. Data obtained from the test scores ofstudents were analysed, which revealed that students taught with CVG had higher mean gain score than those taught with the conventional method in Probability, the interaction effect of CVG on gender favoured female than male students, CVG usagewas loaded with potentials more effective for students’ probability learning. Therefore, it was suggested that considerable attention should be given to the use of CVG in learning Mathematical concepts, and learner characteristics in Mathematics.

Throughout ages, water has proven to be an indispensable liquid for life,food production, agriculture, domestic and industrial uses. Access topotable water in Nigeria poses a challenge due to infrastructural deficit.Well and boreholes remain major sources of potable water and in eventof poor practices, the risk of contamination is imminent. Hence,continuous evaluation of water quality designated for specific purposesremains a necessity and is thus the underpinning of this study. A total ofeleven (11) sites namely: Eleta, Yidi, Akuru, Adedayo, Kuyoro, Elebumarket, Ajokankan, Health centre, Police station, Lawyer Oke, Olanlegestreets, respectively were randomly selected from Elebu district. Tensamples each from well and borehole were collected and analyzed forphysicochemical properties: pH, Conductivity (C); Total DissolvedSolids (TDS), Alkalinity, Salinity, hydrogen ion concentration (H+), (pH)were determined in the laboratory using standard techniques. Salinity, TDS and conductivity between January to March, 2024. Results revealedthat pH of well and borehole water varied between 6.36±0.02 to7.21±0.02 and 6.40± 0.01 to 7.10± 0.02 respectively and fell withinWHO recommended limits of 6.4 to 8.5. Furthermore, the totalhardness of well and borehole water ranged between 4.92±0.02 mg/Lto 15.40± 0.10 mg/L and 7.84± 0.02 mg/L to 12.43 to 0.02 mg/Lrespectively and fell within World Health Organization (WHO)recommended limits of 0.0 to 180.0 mg/L. Iron (Fe) content of well andborehole water ranged between 1.21±0.21 mg/L to 3.17± 0.03 mg/Land 1.91± 0.03 mg/L to 3.84± 0.04 mg/L respectively which far exceedsWHO standards of 0.3 mg/L to 1.0 mg/L. Results from this study indicatethat water from the wells and borehole in Elebu district of Ibadan is highin iron content load, hence there is need for water treatment procedureto engender safe water supply to the district.

Globally, cervical cancer is a public health concern which responsible forhigh mortality among women, it can be detected early with Pap smearscreening for sexually and non-sexually active women. Many women donot undergo this due to lack of knowledge. This study assessed theKnowledge and Practice of Pap smear among female students in LeadCity University, Ibadan.A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted and119 respondents of Lead City University students were used for thestudy. A self-developed, validated and structured questionnaire wasused. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferentialstatistics and p<0.05 level of significance. Findings showed that 43.6% were between the ages of 17-20and 56.4% were between the ages of 21-25. Majority, 81.8% agreed tohave heard about a Pap smear test before. 53.6% agreed that Pap smearcan prevent cervical cancer. Majority about 84.5% have never had thetest before. There is a significant relationship between educational statusand knowledge of Pap smear among female students (200-500 levels) inLead City University (p<0.05). In conclusion, the knowledge was high and the practice of Papsmear was significantly low. It was recommended that healthprofessionals should bring about strategies that would increase the practice of Pap smear testing.

The purpose of this paper was to examine the extent to which educational planners,leadership and innovation chart into the future of business education programme inNigeria through bringing up of new ideas, assisting in revisiting curriculum, trainingand retraining of business education lecturers, priorities strategies, evaluate risk inthe programme, etcetera. This paper provided a comprehensive literature review ofbusiness education in Nigeria in the past, present and future, as well as the conceptof educational planning, leadership and innovation. The main aim of this paper wasto give a better understanding on how effective leadership and proper planning canbe achieved by bringing new ideas in business education programme and achievingopportunities now and in the future. By conclusion, for Business Educationprogramme to chart into the future effectively, and to achieve the aim and objectiveto which the programme is designed for, the planners and leadership needs to assist the programme in involving business education expert to develop, review and designinnovative Curriculum content in which skill acquisition as well as practical courses,training and retraining of Business Education Educators, Educational Planners andLeadership should assist in promoting interdisciplinary learning and prioritizingstrategies, ecetera. It was recommended among others that Business educationprogramme should be run independently from other courses of study. Practicalcourses such as the students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) shouldbe fully funded and closely monitored by the expert who will enhance student toachieve practical skills and prepare them for advancement after schooling.

It has been submitted over time that conflict is inevitable in any organization mainlybecause of individual differences, varied interests and the push for service of self.For an individual interestingly, there are at least, three types of intrapersonalconflict, how much more would it be for many people within a social space?Problems continue to emanate in the world of work as workers have differentexperiences and the system in which their work may not adequately take care oftheir individual needs. Different strategies have been adopted by experts in humanresources management in handling conflicts. However, conflict transformationstrategy seems not to have been adequately adopted, and this leaves a gap inliterature. This evidenced-based approach stands out as it employs conflict analysis,involving actors in the driving seat of social change, adopting principle of inclusionin peace building,using holistic human rights approach, considering moral dilemmas,and overcoming gender-specific power relations and violence. This paper highlightsand discusses the roles of counselling psychologists in ensuring the use of conflict transformation strategy in organisations in Nigeria. Recommendations are made among which is comprehensive conflict analysis and inclusive approach in effectivelydealing with conflicts in the workplace.

The goal of provided educational opportunities to learners was to ensure thatthey have opportunity to succeed both as as students and member of thelarger community they belonged. Mathematics performance of a student atschool does not depend on attributes like mental and physical capabilityalone, but other factors such as family factor must also be put intoconsideration, because of the tendency of influencing the performance ofpupils in school subject including Mathematics worldwide. The studyinvestigated on how family factors could predict Mathematics performanceof pupils in primary schools in Ogun State. The study adopted a descriptivesurvey research design. While sample was selected, using purposive samplingtechnique to select the sixty six (66) participants. Three research questionswere posted for the study. Data were collected through a structuredquestionnaire and analysed using Regression analysis at a 0.05 level ofsignificance, the findings revealed that parents factors (level of literacy, parental occupation and parental income) can predict (F3,96=1.457;p<0.05) pupils academic achievement in Mathematics in the study area.Based on the findings, it is therefore recommended that parents should bemade aware of the heavy influence of how they treat their children in termsof the parenting style adopted. Parents should also be encouraged to strivehard in making available the necessary materials needed for their children'seducation especially in Mathematics.