Information on the use of Eepo –Ira; Bridelia Ferruginea by Yoruba people and its side effects during marathon fasting

Bridelia-ferruginea is a species of flowering plant in the family of Phyllanthaceae. It is native totropical Africa and is commonly found in savannas, woodlands, and grasslands. It is calledeepo-ira in Yoruba land, kwakwakwai in Hausa land and okpoukpaka in Ibo land. This researchfocuses on Yoruba people because they use eepo-ira for medication and they engage in religiousactivities and marathon fasting.Adaobi etal 2011 found that constituents of the stem bark ofBridelia-ferruginea possess antiulcer properties. Adewole etal 2021 discovered thatantidiarrheal activity possibly occurs via the activation of ATPases activities and inhibition ofM3 and EP3. While Bridelia-ferruginea is considered safe for use in traditional medicine, thereare potential side effects and interactions to consider, especially when combined with marathonfasting. Some possible side effects and considerations include: Gastrointestinal upset asBridelia-ferruginea may cause stomach upset, nausea, and diarrhea in some individuals, allergicreactions as some people may be allergic to Bridelia-ferruginea, which can cause symptoms likehives, itching, and difficulty in breathing, interactions with medications as Bridelia-ferrugineamay interact with certain medications, such as blood thinners, diabetes medications, and bloodpressure medications. It was found from the people interviewed that marathon fasting can leadto dehydration, while Bridelia-ferruginea may exacerbate this effect due to its potential diureticproperties. Fasting can also disrupt electrolyte balances, and Bridelia-ferruginea may furtheralter electrolyte levels, potentially leading to muscle cramps, weakness, and other symptoms.Bridelia-ferruginea may lower blood sugar levels, which can be problematic when combinedwith marathon fasting, potentially leading to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Fasting can leadto nutrient deficiencies, and Bridelia-ferruginea may further deplete certain nutrients, such aspotassium, magnesium, and vitamin B12.